USE OF AN EXPOSURE CHAMBER TO MAINTAIN AQUEOUS PHASE NANOPARTICLE DISPERSIONS FOR IMPROVED TOXICITY TESTING IN FISH

A novel chamber for maintaining aqueous phase dispersions of nanoparticles (NPs) to enable improved toxicity testing in larval zebrafish was developed. Aqueous concentrations were within 80% of initial NP concentrations, and the 96-h median lethal concentration (LC50) values were highly reproducible (coefficient of variation <0.16, n=3 tests). Significantly lower toxicity for each NP tested (Ag, Cu, and TiO(2)NPs) in static beakers suggested that traditional acute toxicity tests may underestimate aqueous phase toxicity of NPs. Environ Toxicol Chem 2015;34:583-588. (c) 2014 SETAC