Journal
HELIYON
Volume 3, Issue 6, Pages -Publisher
ELSEVIER SCI LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2017.e00315
Keywords
Metabolism; Nutrition; Health sciences
Categories
Funding
- National Health and Medical Research Council [229936, 179839, 973302, 157125, 1002560]
- Australian Research Council [120100227]
- Brain and Behaviour Research Institute
- National Health and Medical Research Council (NHMRC)
- Australian Rotary Health
- Geelong Medical Research Foundation
- Ian Potter Foundation
- Eli Lilly
- Meat and Livestock Board
- Woolworths Limited
- Fernwood Gyms
- University of Melbourne
- NHMRC [1108125]
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High blood glucose and type 2 diabetes are associated with a range of adverse health and cognitive outcomes. One factor that contributes to high blood glucose and type 2 diabetes is dietary intake. This study investigated the relationship between dietary patterns, fasting blood glucose and diabetes status in a sample of 209 participants aged 60-65. Blood plasma glucose was measured from venous blood samples. Individual Prudent and Western dietary patterns were estimated from a self-completed food frequency questionnaire. The relationship between dietary patterns, diabetes, and blood glucose was assessed via general linear model analyses controlling for age, sex, height, and total caloric intake. Results indicated that there was no association between Prudent diet and fasting blood glucose levels, or type 2 diabetes. In contrast, an individual in the upper tertile for Western dietary score had a significantly higher risk of having diabetes than an individual in the lower tertile for Western dietary score. However, there was no significant association between Western diet and fasting blood glucose. Western diet may be associated with type 2 diabetes through mechanisms beyond impacting blood plasma glucose directly. The fact that the association between Western diet and type 2 diabetes remained even when total caloric intake was controlled for highlights the need for policy and population health interventions targeting the reduction of unhealthy food consumption.
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