Journal
CURRENT ALZHEIMER RESEARCH
Volume 14, Issue 7, Pages 784-789Publisher
BENTHAM SCIENCE PUBL LTD
DOI: 10.2174/1567205014666170203095128
Keywords
Parasympathetic nervous system; amnestic mild cognitive impairment; cognitive training; striatum; processing speed; working memory
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Funding
- University of Rochester CTSA award from the National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences of the National Institutes of Health [KL2 TR000095]
- Alzheimer's Association New Investigator Grant [NIRG-14-317353]
- NIH R01 grant [NR015452]
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Background: Vision-based speed of processing (VSOP) training can result in broad cognitive improvements in older adults with amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI). What remains unknown, however, is what neurophysiological mechanisms account for the observed training effect. Much of the work in this area has focused on the central nervous system, neglecting the fact that the peripheral system can contributes to changes of the central nervous system and vice versa. Objective: We examined the prospective relationship between an adaptive parasympathetic nervous system response to cognitive stimuli and VSOP training-induced plasticity. Method: Twenty-one participants with aMCI (10 for VSOP training, and 11 for mental leisure activities (MLA) control) were enrolled. We assessed high-frequency heart rate variability (HF-HRV) during training sessions, and striatum-related neural networks and cognition at baseline and post-training. Results: Compared to MLA, the VSOP group showed a significant U-shaped pattern of HF-HRV response during training, as well as decreases in connectivity strength between bilateral striatal and prefrontal regions. These two effects were associated with training-induced improvements in both the trained (attention and processing speed) and transferred (working memory) cognitive domains. Conclusion: This work provides novel support for interactions between the central and the peripheral nervous systems in relation to cognitive training, and motivates further studies to elucidate the causality of the observed link.
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