Journal
CURRENT ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
Volume 21, Issue 18, Pages 1920-1934Publisher
BENTHAM SCIENCE PUBL LTD
DOI: 10.2174/1385272821666170207114214
Keywords
Isoquinoline alkaloids; antiviral; antibacterial; antifungal; antimicrobial; structure-activity relationship; HIV
Categories
Funding
- Innovation Project of Postgraduate in Hunan Province [CX2014B302]
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [31200615]
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Background & Objective: The emergence of multidrug-resistant virus, bacteria and fungi has created an urgent need for the development of novel antibiotic drugs from natural products with different mechanism of action. Therefore, in this review, seventeen types of isoquinoline alkaloids, including benzyltetrahy-droisoquinoline, benzylisoquinoline, bisbenzylisoquinoline, aporphine, tetrahydroprotoberberine, N-methyl-tetrahydroprotoberberine, protoberberine, protopine, benzophenanthridine, dihydrobenzophenanthridine, pavine, cularine, phthalideiso-quinoline, spirobenzylisoquinoline, promorphine, morphine and ipecac, were screened and regarded as an attractive target for the discovery of new antiviral, antibacterial and antifungal lead compounds or agents. Method: Notably, sixteen types of alkaloids were biosynthesized from the central precursor benzyltetrahydroi-soquinoline in herbal medicine. Finally, the antiviral and antimicrobial activities of 210 isoquinoline alkaloids were uncovered and the structure-activity relationships were also summarized. Conclusion: The quaternary nitrogen and the methylenedioxy at C-2 and C-3 played an important role in increasing the antiviral, antibacterial and antifungal activity of N-methyltetrahydroprotoberberine, protoberberine and benzophenanthridine alkaloids.
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