Journal
CRITICAL REVIEWS IN ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
Volume 47, Issue 20, Pages 1901-1957Publisher
TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC
DOI: 10.1080/10643389.2017.1400853
Keywords
Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi; degraded ecosystem; disturbed ecosystem; plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria; restoration
Categories
Funding
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [41471395]
- Doctoral Foundation of QUST [0100229003]
- Plan for Scientific Innovation Talent of Henan Province [154100510010]
- Innovation Team Foundation of Henan University of Science and Technology [2015TTD002]
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Mining activities generally decrease topsoil and vegetation, reduce soil biodiversity, and yield extremely harsh environmental conditions, which in turn limit natural revegetation and soil restoration. Ecological restoration of mining sites using beneficial microorganisms such as arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi (AMF) is considered necessary and useful. In this article, several aspects of AMF-assisted ecological restoration of mining-impacted sites were reviewed. First, the data collected from 98 previous studies show that more than 80% of surveyed plants growing on mining sites are colonized by AMF, and a great number of AMF species and a large AMF diversity exist in various mining-impacted sites. Second, AMF can promote ecological restoration of mining-impacted sites through various possible mechanisms at different scales, such as improving mineral acquisition and tolerance of host plants, contributing to soil structure and quality, and helping maintain ecosystem stability and functioning. Third, a total of 101 studies on AMF and mine restoration, including 22 field and 79 laboratory experiments, were summarized, most of which (95%) confirm that AMF exhibit significant positive effects, such as increased plant survival, enhanced growth and nutrition, improved soil structure and quality, and greater plant re-establishment. Finally, the future prospects regarding enhancing AMF-assisted restoration were discussed.
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