Journal
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
Volume 603, Issue -, Pages 219-225Publisher
ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.05.280
Keywords
Macrolide; Sulfonamide; Erythromycin; Thermophilic; Psychrophilic
Categories
Funding
- Innovation fund Denmark ('Nomigas' project) [1377-00040A]
- DCE project identification of metabolites and metabolic pathways in removing organic micro-pollutants from wastewater and waste
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Antibiotics are frequently used in animals to treat sickness and prevent infection especially in industrial meat production. Some of the antibiotics cannot be completely metabolized and, as an unavoidable result, are excreted and thus end up in manure which is then spread in the environment. Currently increasing amounts of manure is used in biogas production before spreading the residuals on agricultural fields. In this study, the removal patterns of sulfonamides (sulfadiazine, sulfamethizole, sulfamethoxazole) and macrolides (clarithromycin, erythromycin), as well as trimethoprim, were investigated during the anaerobic digestion of pig manure. Batch kinetic tests were conducted both at thermophilic and psychrophilic condition for 40 days. Some of the antibiotics (clarithromycin, sulfadiazine, sulfamethizole) were persistent in all experiments. Thus, no biodegradation was found for sulfadiazine and sulfamethizole in this study. From the studied compounds, only erythromycin was clearly removed and probably degraded during anaerobic digestion with 99% and 20% removal under thermophilic and psychrophilic condition. The removal of erythromycin was fitted to a single first-order kinetic reaction function, giving reaction rate constant of 0.29 day(-1) and 0.005 day(-1), respectively. (C) 2017 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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