Journal
COGNITION & EMOTION
Volume 31, Issue 1, Pages 109-118Publisher
ROUTLEDGE JOURNALS, TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD
DOI: 10.1080/02699931.2015.1085366
Keywords
Attentional orienting; goal-directed; stimulus-driven; reward; visual search
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Funding
- Fondation Fyssen
- Marie-Curie CoFund BRIDGE program from the European Union Seventh Framework Programme (FP7) [267171]
- National Center of Competence in Research (NCCR) for the Affective Sciences - Swiss National Science Foundation (SNF) [51NF40-104897]
- Geneva Academic Society (Foremane Fund)
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In order to behave adaptively, attention can be directed in space either voluntarily (i.e. endogenously) according to strategic goals, or involuntarily (i.e. exogenously) through reflexive capture by salient or novel events. The emotional or motivational values of stimuli can also influence attentional orienting. However, little is known about how reward-related effects compete or interact with endogenous and exogenous attention mechanisms. Here we designed a visual search paradigm in which goal-driven and stimulus-driven shifts of attention were manipulated by classic spatial cueing procedures, while an irrelevant, but previously rewarded stimulus also appeared as a distractor and hence competed with both types of spatial attention during search. Our results demonstrated that stimuli previously associated with a high monetary reward received higher attentional priority in the subsequent visual search task, even though these stimuli and reward were no longer task-relevant, mitigating the attentional orienting induced by both endogenous and exogenous cues.
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