Journal
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
Volume 598, Issue -, Pages 1177-1186Publisher
ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.04.104
Keywords
Fast-growing willows; Glyphosate resistant corn and soy; Runoff; Interstitial waters; Agricultural soils
Categories
Funding
- Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada
- SABRE project
- NSERC via a Canada Doctoral Scholarship
- UQAM Foundation MSc bursary
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Glyphosate is the most widely used herbicide worldwide and is now frequently detected in surface waters of agricultural regions, notably in Quebec (Canada). Numerous legislations require vegetated riparian buffer strips (RBS) along agricultural streams. Quebec policy requires 3-meter-wide RBS. The present study evaluates the efficiency of narrow herbaceous and low- or high-density (33,333 and 55,556 stumps/ha) willow, Salix miyabeana 'SX64', RBS, to minimize leaching of glyphosate and its main degradation product (AMPA) from agricultural fields to streams. Our study compared triplicate treatments of herbaceous and willow-planted RBS located in an organic-rich soil at Boisbriand (BB) and in a mineral soil at Saint-Roch-de-l'Achigan (SR). Runoff water was sampled with surface collectors and interstitial water was collected with 35 cm or 70 cm tension lysimeters. Potential efficiency of the RBS is reported as the percent reduction between edge-of-field and edge-of-stream concentrations in runoff and interstitial waters. Neither glyphosate nor AMPA in runoff were significantly intercepted by the RBS. After field herbicide spraying, glyphosate measured in SR surface soils (0-20 cm) was on average 210 mu g.kg(-1) dw (range from undetected to <= 317 mu g.kg(-1) dw). Glyphosate was found to be persistent and its infiltration towards groundwater may be enhanced by the RBS. Contrary to runoff trends, soil glyphosate was significantly less concentrated on the SR edge-of-stream compared to edge-of-field (27-54% potential efficiency). The potential efficiency of herbaceous, low- and high-density willow RBS were undifferentiated. (C) 2017 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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