Journal
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
Volume 605, Issue -, Pages 322-331Publisher
ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.06.231
Keywords
Veterinary antibiotics; Chlortetracycline,Enrofloxacin,Sulphathiazole; Half-life; Uptake rate; Movement
Categories
Funding
- MSIP (Ministry of Science, ICT and Future Planning)
- Rural Development Administration (RDA) [PJ011435]
- Rural Development Administration (RDA), Republic of Korea [PJ011435052017] Funding Source: Korea Institute of Science & Technology Information (KISTI), National Science & Technology Information Service (NTIS)
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Veterinary antibiotics are available for uptake by the plants through sources such as manure, irrigation, and atmospheric interaction. The present study was conducted to estimate the half-lives of three veterinary antibiotics, chlortetracycline (CTC), enrofloxacin (ENR), and sulphathiazole (STZ), in soil and experimentally explore their uptake from contaminated soil to radish roots and leaves. Samples were extracted using a modified citratebuffered version of the quick, easy, cheap, effective, rugged, and safe QuEChERS method followed by liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometric analysis (LC-MS/MS) in the positive ion mode. Good linearity was observed for the three tested antibiotics in soil and plants ( roots and leaves) with high coefficients of determination (R-2 >= 0.9922). The average recovery rates at two spiking levels with three replicates per level ranged between 77.1 and 114.8%, with a relative standard deviation (RSD) <= 19.9% for all tested drugs. In a batch incubation experiment (in vitro study), the half-lives of CTC, ENR, and STZ ranged from 2.0-6.1, 2.2-4.5, and 1.1-2.2 days, respectively. Under greenhouse conditions, the half-lives of the three target antibiotics in soil with and without radishes were 2.5-6.9 and 2.7-7.4; 4.7-16.7 and 10.3-14.6; and 4.4-4.9 and 2.5-2.8 days,respectively. Trace amounts of the target antibiotics (CTC, ENR, and STZ) were taken up from soil via roots and entered the leaves of radishes. The concentration of CTC was lower than 2.73%, ENR was 0.08-3.90%, and <1.64% STZ was uptaken. In conclusion, the concentrations of the tested antibiotics decreased with time and consequently lower residues were observed in the radishes. The rapid degradation of the tested antibiotics in the present study might have only little impact on soil microorganisms, fauna, and plants. (C) 2017 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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