Journal
SCIENCE CHINA-LIFE SCIENCES
Volume 60, Issue 12, Pages 1307-1316Publisher
SCIENCE PRESS
DOI: 10.1007/s11427-017-9241-3
Keywords
emerging viruses; avian influenza; H7N9; MERS-CoV; Zika; Ebola; human immunity; T-cell; cross-reactivity
Categories
Funding
- National Key Research and Development Program of China [2017YFC1200202]
- China Mega-Project on Infectious Disease Prevention [2016ZX10004222-003]
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [81401312, 81373141]
- National Natural Science Foundation of China Innovative Research Group [81621091]
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Over the past decade, we have seen an alarming number of high-profile outbreaks of newly emerging and re-emerging viruses. Recent outbreaks of avian influenza viruses, Middle East respiratory syndrome coronaviruses, Zika virus and Ebola virus present great threats to global health. Considering the pivotal role of host T-cell immunity in the alleviation of symptoms and the clearance of viruses in patients, there are three issues to be primarily concerned about T-cell immunity when a new virus emerges: first, does the population possess pre-existing T-cells against the new virus through previous infections of genetically relevant viruses; second, does a proper immune response arise in the patients to provide protection through an immunopathogenic effect; lastly, how long can the virus-specific immune memory persist. Herein, we summarize the current updates on the characteristics of human T-cell immunological responses against recently emerged or re-emerged viruses, and emphasize the necessity for timely investigation on the T-cell features of these viral diseases, which may provide beneficial recommendations for clinical diagnosis and vaccine development.
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