Journal
SCIENCE
Volume 358, Issue 6362, Pages 511-513Publisher
AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE
DOI: 10.1126/science.aan5275
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Funding
- European Research Council
- Lloydapos
- s Register Foundation
- Leverhulme Early Career Fellowship
- Marie Curie International Incoming Fellowship
- National Research Foundation, Prime Ministerapos
- s Office, Singapore, under the Competitive Research Program [NRF-CRP13-2014-03]
- Royal Society
- EPSRC [EP/N010345/1, EP/K005014/1] Funding Source: UKRI
- Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council [EP/N010345/1] Funding Source: researchfish
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In the field of nanofluidics, it has been an ultimate but seemingly distant goal to controllably fabricate capillaries with dimensions approaching the size of small ions and water molecules. We report ion transport through ultimately narrow slits that are fabricated by effectively removing a single atomic plane from a bulk crystal. The atomically flat angstrom-scale slits exhibit little surface charge, allowing elucidation of the role of steric effects. We find that ions with hydrated diameters larger than the slit size can still permeate through, albeit with reduced mobility. The confinement also leads to a notable asymmetry between anions and cations of the same diameter. Our results provide a platform for studying the effects of angstrom-scale confinement, which is important for the development of nanofluidics, molecular separation, and other nanoscale technologies.
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