Journal
SCIENCE
Volume 358, Issue 6370, Pages 1589-+Publisher
AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE
DOI: 10.1126/science.aap8269
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Funding
- European Research Council [667205]
- Swedish National Research Council
- Ministry of Science and ICT of Korea [2017-1st-CXI-006]
- Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research [17H06141] Funding Source: KAKEN
- European Research Council (ERC) [667205] Funding Source: European Research Council (ERC)
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Femtosecond x-ray laser pulses were used to probe micrometer-sized water droplets that were cooled down to 227 kelvin in vacuum. Isothermal compressibility and correlation length were extracted from x-ray scattering at the low-momentum transfer region. The temperature dependence of these thermodynamic response and correlation functions shows maxima at 229 kelvin for water and 233 kelvin for heavy water. In addition, we observed that the liquids undergo the fastest growth of tetrahedral structures at similar temperatures. These observations point to the existence of a Widom line, defined as the locus of maximum correlation length emanating from a critical point at positive pressures in the deeply supercooled regime. The difference in the maximum value of the isothermal compressibility between the two isotopes shows the importance of nuclear quantum effects.
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