Journal
SCIENCE
Volume 356, Issue 6336, Pages 422-425Publisher
AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE
DOI: 10.1126/science.aal3220
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Funding
- NSF [PHY-1408309, PHY-1607215]
- Welch Foundation [C-1133]
- Army Research Office Multidisciplinary University Research Initiative [W911NF-14-1-0003]
- Office of Naval Research
- Direct For Mathematical & Physical Scien
- Division Of Physics [1607215] Funding Source: National Science Foundation
- Direct For Mathematical & Physical Scien
- Division Of Physics [1408309] Funding Source: National Science Foundation
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Nonlinear systems can exhibit a rich set of dynamics that are inherently sensitive to their initial conditions. One such example is modulational instability, which is believed to be one of the most prevalent instabilities in nature. By exploiting a shallow zero-crossing of a Feshbach resonance, we characterize modulational instability and its role in the formation of matter-wave soliton trains from a Bose-Einstein condensate. We examine the universal scaling laws exhibited by the system and, through real-time imaging, address a long-standing question of whether the solitons in trains are created with effectively repulsive nearest-neighbor interactions or rather evolve into such a structure.
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