Journal
SCIENCE
Volume 355, Issue 6332, Pages 1436-1439Publisher
AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE
DOI: 10.1126/science.aal3794
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Funding
- Discovery Outstanding Researcher Award from the Australian Research Council [DP120103498]
- Australian Laureate Fellowship from the Australian Research Council [FL150100038]
- Agouron Institute Postdoctoral Fellowship
- NASA Exobiology [NNX16AJ57G]
- Agouron Institute
- David and Lucile Packard Foundation
- NASA [NNX16AJ57G, 902372] Funding Source: Federal RePORTER
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The origin of oxygenic photosynthesis in Cyanobacteria led to the rise of oxygen on Earth similar to 2.3 billion years ago, profoundly altering the course of evolution by facilitating the development of aerobic respiration and complex multicellular life. Here we report the genomes of 41 uncultured organisms related to the photosynthetic Cyanobacteria (class Oxyphotobacteria), including members of the class Melainabacteria and a new class of Cyanobacteria (class Sericytochromatia) that is basal to the Melainabacteria and Oxyphotobacteria. All members of the Melainabacteria and Sericytochromatia lack photosynthetic machinery, indicating that phototrophy was not an ancestral feature of the Cyanobacteria and that Oxyphotobacteria acquired the genes for photosynthesis relatively late in cyanobacterial evolution. We show that all three classes independently acquired aerobic respiratory complexes, supporting the hypothesis that aerobic respiration evolved after oxygenic photosynthesis.
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