Journal
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
Volume 49, Issue 19, Pages 11264-11280Publisher
AMER CHEMICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.5b01635
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Funding
- National Science Foundation Partnerships for International Research and Education [OISE-1243543]
- Australian Research Council [DP130103619]
- USC Sea Grant (NOAA) [USC 61207781]
- Office Of Internatl Science &Engineering
- Office Of The Director [1243543] Funding Source: National Science Foundation
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Catchment urbanization perturbs the water and sediment budgets of streams, degrades stream health and function, and causes a constellation of flow, water quality, and ecological symptoms collectively known as the urban stream syndrome. Low-impact development (LID) technologies address the hydrologic symptoms of the urban stream syndrome by mimicking natural flow paths and restoring a natural water balance. Over annual time scales, the volumes of stormwater that should be infiltrated and harvested can be estimated from a catchment-scale water-balance given local climate conditions and preurban land cover. For all but the wettest regions of the world, a much larger volume of stormwater runoff should be harvested than infiltrated to maintain stream hydrology in a preurban state. Efforts to prevent or reverse hydrologic symptoms associated with the urban stream syndrome will therefore require: (1) selecting the right mix of LID technologies that provide regionally tailored ratios of stormwater harvesting and infiltration; (2) integrating these LID technologies into next-generation drainage systems; (3) maximizing potential cobenefits including water supply augmentation, flood protection, improved water quality, and urban amenities; and (4) long-term hydrologic monitoring to evaluate the efficacy of LID interventions.
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