High-throughput first-principles search for new ferroelectrics

We use a combination of symmetry analysis and high-throughput density functional theory calculations to search for new ferroelectric materials. We use two search strategies to identify candidate materials. In the first strategy, we start with nonpolar materials and look for unrecognized energy-lowering polar distortions. In the second strategy, we consider polar materials and look for related higher symmetry structures. In both cases, if we find new structures with the correct symmetries that are also close in energy to experimentally known structures, then the material is likely to be switchable in an external electric field, making it a candidate ferroelectric. We find 16 candidate materials, with a variety of properties that are rare in typical ferroelectrics, including large polarization, hyperferroelectricity, antiferroelectricity, and multiferroism.