Journal
PHYSICAL REVIEW B
Volume 97, Issue 6, Pages -Publisher
AMER PHYSICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevB.97.060302
Keywords
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Funding
- NSF [DMR-1308435]
- Japan Society for the Promotion of Science through Program for Leading Graduate Schools (ALPS) [JP16J03613]
- NSF
- Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory
- Spanish MINECO [FIS2014-59546-P, SEV-2015-0522]
- Generalitat de Catalunya [SGR874]
- Generalitat de Catalunya (CERCA program)
- DFG [FOR2414]
- EU [PCIG13-GA-2013, 631633, H2020-FETPROACT-2014, 641122]
- Fundacio Privada Cellex
- Harvard-MIT CUA
- AFOSR New Quantum Phases of Matter MURI
- ARO-MURI on Atomtronics
- ARO MURI Quism program
- Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research [16J03613] Funding Source: KAKEN
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The physics of quantum impurities coupled to a many-body environment is among the most important paradigms of condensed-matter physics. In particular, the formation of polarons, quasiparticles dressed by the polarization cloud, is key to the understanding of transport, optical response, and induced interactions in a variety of materials. Despite recent remarkable developments in ultracold atoms and solid-state materials, the direct measurement of their ultimate building block, the polaron cloud, has remained a fundamental challenge. We propose and analyze a platform to probe time-resolved dynamics of polaron-cloud formation with an interferometric protocol. We consider an impurity atom immersed in a two-component Bose-Einstein condensate where the impurity generates spin-wave excitations that can be directly measured by the Ramsey interference of surrounding atoms. The dressing by spin waves leads to the formation of magnetic polarons and reveals a unique interplay between few- and many-body physics that is signified by single- and multi-frequency oscillatory dynamics corresponding to the formation of many-body bound states. Finally, we discuss concrete experimental implementations in ultracold atoms.
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