Journal
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
Volume 49, Issue 19, Pages 11817-11824Publisher
AMER CHEMICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.5b01837
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Funding
- U.S. National Science Foundation
- U.S. Environmental Protection Agency [DBI-1266377]
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This study develops and evaluates a mechanistic model of the hatching of zebrafish eggs that were exposed to CuO engineered nanoparticles (ENP) in a high-throughput screening system and places this model in an adverse outcome pathway (AOP) that also includes CuO ENP dissolution and Cu bioaccumulation. Cu2+ inhibits the proteolytic activity of Zebrafish Hatching Enzyme 1 and thereby delay or impair hatching success. This study demonstrates that noncompetitive inhibition kinetics describe the impact of dissolved Cu on hatching; it is estimated that indefinitely long exposure to 1.88 mu M dissolved Cu in the environment reduces hatching enzyme activity by 50%. The complexity arising from CuO ENP dissolution and CuO ENP assisted bioaccumulation of Cu has led to apparently contradictory findings about ion versus nano effects on hatching. Model-mediated data analyses indicate that, relative to copper salts, CuO ENPs increase the uptake rates of Cu into the perivitelline space up to 8 times. The toxicity assessment framework in this study can be adapted to accommodate other types of toxicant, environmental samples and other aquatic oviparous species.
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