Journal
REVIEWS OF MODERN PHYSICS
Volume 89, Issue 2, Pages -Publisher
AMER PHYSICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1103/RevModPhys.89.021001
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Funding
- Department of Science and Technology, India via Ramanujan Fellowship
- NSERC of Canada
- Industry Canada
- Government of Ontario
- Israel Science Foundation
- ICORE, European Research Council [Q-PHOTONICS 678674]
- Minerva Foundation
- Laboratory in Memory of Leon and Blacky Broder
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Photon-photon scattering in vacuum is extremely weak. However, strong effective interactions between single photons can be realized by employing strong light-matter coupling. These interactions are a fundamental building block for quantum optics, bringing many-body physics to the photonic world and providing important resources for quantum photonic devices and for optical metrology. This Colloquium reviews the physics of strongly interacting photons in one-dimensional systems with no optical confinement along the propagation direction. It focuses on two recently demonstrated experimental realizations: superconducting qubits coupled to open transmission lines and interacting Rydberg atoms in a cold gas. Advancements in the theoretical understanding of these systems are presented in complementary formalisms and compared to experimental results. The experimental achievements are summarized alongside a description of the quantum optical effects and quantum devices emerging from them.
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