Journal
RESPIROLOGY
Volume 22, Issue 7, Pages 1253-1261Publisher
WILEY
DOI: 10.1111/resp.13140
Keywords
ageing; cognitive dysfunction; individual differences; measurement; obstructive sleep apnoea
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Funding
- NHMRC Grant [1031575]
- School of Psychological Science at the University of Western Australia
- Australian Postgraduate Award (APA) PhD Scholarship
- University of Western Australia Top-Up Scholarship
- Nursing and Allied Health Scholarship Support Scheme (NAHSS) Scholarship
- Wellcome Trust [103952/Z/14/Z]
- NIHR Respiratory Biomedical Research Unit at the Royal Brompton and Harefield NHS Foundation Trust, Imperial College London
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Obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) is a disorder of breathing during sleep resulting in temporary reduction in cerebral oxygenation and sleep disruption. A growing body of research reveals a relatively consistent pattern of deficits in cognition, particularly in attention, episodic memory, and executive function, which are partially remediated by treatment. This is where the consensus ends. Despite a number of competing explanations regarding how OSA affects cognition, reliable evidence is hard to find, which may relate to the many, common conditions co-morbid with OSA or to the methodological challenges in this field. This paper reviews the evidence for cognitive impairment in OSA, the proposed models of cognitive harm, the impact of co-morbidities and the many methodological and theoretical challenges of exploring the effect of OSA on cognition. To overcome some of these challenges, we end by proposing a number of future directions for the field, including suggesting some core design elements for future studies.
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