Journal
QUANTUM SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
Volume 3, Issue 1, Pages -Publisher
IOP PUBLISHING LTD
DOI: 10.1088/2058-9565/aa9269
Keywords
photon statistics; single-photon source; quantum optics; quantum two-level system; Rabi oscillations; area theorem; quantum trajectories
Funding
- National Science Foundation (Division of Materials Research) [1503759]
- Bavaria California Technology Center (BaCaTeC)
- Lu Stanford Graduate Fellowship
- National Defense Science and Engineering Graduate Fellowship
- DFG via the Nanosystems Initiative Munich
- BMBF via the Nanosystems Initiative Munich
- International Max Planck Research School-Quantum Science and Technology
- Bavarian Academy of Sciences and Humanities
- DFG via Q.COM
- BMBF via Q.COM
- Direct For Mathematical & Physical Scien
- Division Of Materials Research [1503759] Funding Source: National Science Foundation
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The area theorem states that when a short optical pulse drives a quantum two-level system, it undergoes Rabi oscillations in the probability of scattering a single photon. In this work, we investigate the breakdown of the area theorem as both the pulse length becomes non-negligible and for certain pulse areas. Using simple quantum trajectories, we provide an analytic approximation to the photon emission dynamics of a two-level system. Our model provides an intuitive way to understand re-excitation, which elucidates the mechanism behind the two-photon emission events that can spoil single-photon emission. We experimentally measure the emission statistics from a semiconductor quantum dot, acting as a two-level system, and show good agreement with our simple model for short pulses. Additionally, the model clearly explains our recent results (Fischer and Hanschke 2017 et al Nat. Phys.) showing dominant two-photon emission from a two-level system for pulses with interaction areas equal to an even multiple of pi.
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