Journal
JOURNAL OF TRAVEL RESEARCH
Volume 57, Issue 4, Pages 513-524Publisher
SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC
DOI: 10.1177/0047287517700317
Keywords
Kenya; tourism development; poverty; dynamic computable general equilibrium; CGE; microsimulation; Foster-Greer-Thorbecke Index
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The aim of this article is to investigate the claim that tourism development can be the engine for poverty reduction in Kenya using a dynamic, microsimulation computable general equilibrium model. The article improves on the common practice in the literature by using the more comprehensive Foster-Greer-Thorbecke (FGT) index to measure poverty instead of headcount ratios only. Simulations results from previous studies confirm that expansion of the tourism industry will benefit different sectors unevenly and will only marginally improve poverty headcount. This is mainly due to the contraction of the agricultural sector caused the appreciation of the real exchange rates. This article demonstrates that the effect on poverty gap and poverty severity is, nevertheless, significant for both rural and urban areas with higher impact in the urban areas. Tourism expansion enables poorer households to move closer to the poverty line. It is concluded that the tourism industry is pro-poor.
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