Accumulation of floating microplastics behind the Three Gorges Dam

We investigated the occurrence and distribution of microplastics in surface water from the Three Gorges Reservoir. Nine samples were collected via trawl sampling with a 112 gm mesh net. The abundances of microplastics were from 3407.7 x 10(3) to 13,617.5 x 10(3) items per square kilometer in the main stream of the Yangtze River and from 192.5 x 10(3) to 11,889.7 x 10(3) items per square kilometer in the estuarine areas of four tributaries. The abundance of microplastics in the main stream of the Yangtze River generally increased as moving closer to the Three Gorges Dam. The microplastics are made exclusively of polyethylene (PE), polypropylene (PP), and polystyrene (PS). Together with microplastics, high abundance of coal/fly ash was also observed in the surface water samples. Comparing with previously reported data, microplastics in the TGR were approximately one to three orders of magnitudes greater, suggesting reservoirs as potential hot spot for microplastic pollution. (C) 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.