Journal
RESEARCH IN VETERINARY SCIENCE
Volume 111, Issue -, Pages 36-42Publisher
ELSEVIER SCI LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2016.11.008
Keywords
H9N2 AIV; E. coli LPS; HD11 cells; Innate immune-related genes; Modulation
Categories
Funding
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [31272577]
- Shaanxi Science and Technology Overall Innovation Project Plan [2015KTCL02-16]
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Macrophages play important roles in mediating virus-induced innate immune responses and are thought to be involved in the pathogenesis of bacterial superinfections. The innate immune response initiated by both low pathogenicity AN and bacterial superinfection in their avian host is not fully understood. We therefore determine the transcripts of innate immune-related genes following avian H9N2 AN virus infection and E. coli LPS co-stimulation of avian macrophage-like cell line HD11 cells. More pronounced expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-6 and IL-1 beta) as well as the inflammatory chemokines (CXCLi1 and CXCLi2) was observed in virus infected plus LPS treated HD11 cells compared to H9N2 virus solely infected control. For two superinfection groups, the levels of genes examined in a prior H9N2 virus infection before secondary LPS treatment group were significantly higher as compared with simultaneous virus infection plus LPS stimulation group. Interestingly, similar high levels of 1L-6 gene were observed between LPS sole stimulation group and two superinfection groups. Moreover, IL-10 and TGF-beta 3 mRNA levels in both superinfection groups were moderately upregulated compared to sole LPS stimulation group or virus alone infection group. Although TLR4 and MDA5 levels in virus alone infection group were significantly lower compared to that in both superinfection groups, TLR4 upregulation respond more rapid to virus sole infection compared to LPS plus virus superinfection. Collectively, innate immune-related genes respond more pronounced in LPS stimulation plus H9N2 virus infection HD11 cells compared to sole virus infection or LPS alone stimulation control cells. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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