A simulation-based optimisation approach for identifying key determinants for sustainable transportation planning

Sustainable transportation planning is vital to manage resources effectively and minimise air pollution, noise and congestion in cities. In this paper, we present a simulation-based optimisation approach for identifying key determinants for sustainable transportation planning. The proposed approach comprises of five steps. In the first step, a system dynamics (SD) based conceptual model is proposed for understanding sustainable transportation system and its components. Step 2 involves running the SD model to generate data on sustainable transportation key factors. Step 3 involves conducting design of experiments and analysis of variance on the simulated data to develop regression-based metamodel for identifying the key determinants for sustainable transportation planning. In step 4, optimisation of the key factors for achieving sustainability is performed. Finally, in step 5, sensitivity analysis is conducted to determine the sensitivity of model outputs (dependent variables) to changes in input parameters (key factors or independent variables). An empirical illustration is provided to illustrate the proposed approach. Transportation systems are complex and dynamic involving a multitude of variables. Optimising all variables at a time may not be economically and practically feasible. The proposed approach assists in determining critical variables for achieving sustainability objectives in transportation.