Utilization of bioresources for sustainable biofuels: A Review

The global energy demand has been increasing rapidly due to depletion of fossil fuels, continuous growth of world population and industrialized economy. India has surpassed to Japan and Russia and become the third largest oil consumer in the world. Unfortunately, India's primary energy consumption has increased due to reduced oil and gas production. The increased consumption of imported oil could lead to turbulence in economic growth. Due to increasing demand of oil fuels and consequent impact of global warming issues, development of alternate energy is a top priority in research and developments sector. The bioenergy produced from the biomass is being a sustainable alternate energy source which received high acceptance in various sectors include public, industries and government policies. from the Government, public, industries and researches for its sustainability. This review focuson bioprospecting of biomass from terrestrial and marine resources for non conventional energy production and the stepping stones of biofuel for near future. These carbohydrates can be converted into various forms of biofuels either directly or indirectly by exploiting microorganisms. However, the production process and chemical transformation is being an expensive process and therefore commercial supply of biofuel in largescale is not yet successful. Hence an economic and efficient production process is essential to commercialize biomass based biofuels. This article highlights the overview of sustainable and renewable resources for biofuel and stepping stones of biofuel commercialization.