Intelligent Sensing System Based on Hybrid Nanogenerator by Harvesting Multiple Clean Energy

The inexhaustible mechanical kinetic energy can be extracted from wind and flowing water. Besides, flowing water also possesses electrostatic energy owing to the triboelectric charges caused by contacting with surrounding media, such as air. Here, a rotating hybridized triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) has been established, by comprising of a water-TENG (W-TENG), a disk-TENG (D-TENG), and an electromagnetic generator (EMG), which has been explored for simultaneously harvesting energies from flowing water and wind. The W-TENG is fabricated by wheel blades, polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), superhydrophobic polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), and aluminum to harvest the electrostatic energy. Moreover, the flowing water and wind impact on the wheel blades also causes the rotation motion of D-TENG and EMG, resulting in being converted into electricity. At the rotation speed of 200 rpm, the short circuit current of D-TENG and EMG can reach 0.4 mu A and 7 mA, respectively. The open circuit voltage of W-TENG can be up to 10 V at a flowing water rate of 60 ml s(-1). Besides, the hybridized NG is demonstrated to harvest water and wind energy and to act as a power source to charge a lithium battery or capacitor, which can drive LEDs, PH monitoring system, and wireless temperature and humidity sensing system. All these results show the potentials of the hybridized NG for harvesting multiple types of energies from the environment and constructing different self-powered systems.