Geochemical trends of heavy metal in aquifer system of Kanpur Industrial Zone, Uttar Pradesh (India): a case study

The study is based on analyzing geochemical trends of heavy metal in aquifer system of Kanpur Industrial Zone, and ascertaining its contamination profile in groundwater. Water quality parameters of Jajmau and Noraiya Kheda were evaluated. 30 systematic samples, collected from a depth of 160-220 feet deep bore wells. Coordinates for sampling sites were determined GPS device. Analyses of heavy metals were performed with AAS, showing metal concentrations far above the threshold values and needs to be remediated urgently. Correlation matrix study of Jajmau groundwater samples showed strong positive correlation between [Pb, Cu, Ni] and [Co], [Cr and Zn]. Matrix plot showed that Cr, Zn, and Ni in Jajmau and Noraiya kheda ground water were widespread. Overall Jajmau and Noraiya Kheda Industrial sites are highly contaminated by heavy metals, require urgent attention for safety of natural aquifer system. These findings provide information on the possible sources of heavy metal contamination, and could be a model for assessing and monitoring heavy metal pollution in groundwater in other locales. This study analyzed a selection of heavy metals chosen on the basis of industries located in the study area, which might not provide a complete range of information about the sources and availability of all heavy metals. Therefore, extended investigation on heavy metal fractions will be developed in further studies. Jajmau and Noraiya Kheda have been found to be badly contaminated by heavy metals Thus, there is an urgent need of remediation and government support for safe water supply.