Journal
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
Volume 114, Issue 10, Pages 2753-2758Publisher
NATL ACAD SCIENCES
DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1621069114
Keywords
glucagon receptor; antibody; insulin receptor antagonist; alpha-cell mass; beta-cell mass
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Inactivating mutations in the insulin receptor results in extreme insulin resistance. The resulting hyperglycemia is very difficult to treat, and patients are at risk for early morbidity and mortality from complications of diabetes. We used the insulin receptor antagonist S961 to induce severe insulin resistance, hyperglycemia, and ketonemia in mice. Using this model, we show that glucagon receptor (GCGR) inhibition with a monoclonal antibody normalized blood glucose and beta-hydroxybutyrate levels. Insulin receptor antagonism increased pancreatic beta-cell mass threefold. Normalization of blood glucose levels with GCGR-blocking antibody unexpectedly doubled beta-cell mass relative to that observed with S961 alone and 5.8-fold over control. GCGR antibody blockage expanded alpha-cell mass 5.7-fold, and S961 had no additional effects. Collectively, these data show that GCGR antibody inhibition represents a potential therapeutic option for treatment of patients with extreme insulin-resistance syndromes.
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