Role of High-Linear Energy Transfer Radiobiology in Space Radiation Exposure Risks

Many manned missions to the Moon and Mars are scheduled in the near future. However, space radiation presents a major hazard to humans, and astronauts are constantly exposed to radiation, including high linear energy transfer (LET) radiation, which differs from radiation on Earth. Thus, there is thus an urgent need to clarify the biological effects of space radiation and reduce the associated risks. In this review, we consider the role of high-LET radiobiology in relation to space-radiation exposure.