Journal
PROCEEDINGS OF THE JAPAN ACADEMY SERIES B-PHYSICAL AND BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES
Volume 93, Issue 6, Pages 378-385Publisher
JAPAN ACAD
DOI: 10.2183/pjab.93.023
Keywords
alternative autophagy; reticulocytes; Atg5-independent autophagy
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Funding
- Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research [17K15613, 26110005] Funding Source: KAKEN
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ATG5 and ATG7 are considered to be essential molecules for the induction of autophagy. However, we found that cells lacking ATG5 or ATG7 can still form autophagosomes/autolysosomes and perform autophagic protein degradation when subjected to certain types of stress. Although the lipidation of LC3 is accepted as a good indicator of autophagy, this did not occur during ATG5/ATG7-independent alternative autophagy. Unlike conventional autophagy, autophagosomes appeared to be generated in a Rab9-dependent manner by the fusion of the phagophores with vesicles derived from the trans-Golgi and late endosomes. Therefore, mammalian autophagy can occur via at least two different pathways; the ATG5/ATG7-dependent conventional pathway and an ATG5/ATG7-independent alternative pathway.
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