Inpatient case fatality rates improvements in children under 5: Diarrhoeal disease, pneumonia and severe acute malnutrition

Data on the number of admissions and deaths in children aged under 5 years from diarrhoea, pneumonia and severe acute malnutrition are routinely collected through the District Health Information System. These data, and the associated case fatality rates, are available for all public sector hospitals in South Africa (SA), and can be compared over time, as well as across different settings. This article presents these data for the period 2011/12 - 2016/17. It reflects on the remarkable improvements in these case fatality rates, and the likely reasons for their declines across all provinces. The article concludes by identifying the actions that need to be taken to ensure that SA achieves the Sustainable Development Goal aim of ending preventable child deaths by 2030.