Journal
FUTURE NEUROLOGY
Volume 13, Issue 2, Pages 87-100Publisher
FUTURE MEDICINE LTD
DOI: 10.2217/fnl-2017-0029
Keywords
Alzheimer's disease; astrocyte; astroglial atrophy; astrogliopathology; GFAP; glutamate transporter EAAT1; induced pluripotent stem cells; protein S100B
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Pathological remodeling, degeneration and reactivity of astrocytes are fundamental astrogliopathies contributing to all neurological diseases. In neurodegenerative disorders (including Alzheimer's disease [AD]) astroglia undergo complex changes that range from atrophy with loss of function to accumulation of reactive cells around disease-specific lesions (senile plaques in the case of AD). The cellular pathology of astroglia in the context of human AD remains enigmatic; mainly because of the severe limitations of animal models, which, although reproducing some pathological features of the disease, do not mimic its progression in full. Human-induced pluripotent stem cells technology creates a novel and potentially revolutionizing platform for studying fundamental mechanisms of the disease and for screening to identify new therapeutic compounds.
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