Journal
POWDER TECHNOLOGY
Volume 309, Issue -, Pages 13-21Publisher
ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
DOI: 10.1016/j.powtec.2016.12.016
Keywords
Carbon dioxide utilization; Cerium-calcium mixed oxides; Dimethyl carbonate; Methanol
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Funding
- Deutscher Akademischer Austausch Dienst (DAAD), Germany under a Sandwich Model Scholarship
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Carbon dioxide has generated great interest in recent years because of its potential usage as an alternative to traditional sources of carbon such as natural gas, petroleum and coal. In this paper, CO2 in combination with methanol was used for dimethyl carbonate (DMC) synthesis in presence of cerium-calcium mixed oxide catalysts. Catalysts with different Ce/Ca molar ratios were synthesized using surfactant templating Method and characterized by powder X-ray diffraction (XRD), Raman spectroscopy, N-2-sorption, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and temperature-programmed desorption (TPD) of CO2 and NH3. The direct conversion of CO2 was found to be highly dependent upon the acidity and basicity of catalysts. Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) surface area of Ce-3-Ca-1-Ce-1-Ca-1 and Ce-1-Ca-3 was found to be 102, 82, 109 m(2)/g, respectively, and the average pore diameter was 9, 12 and 5 nm, 'respectively. The Ce-1-Ca-1 catalyst performed the best due to its combined acidic-basic properties. In addition, the catalyst was reused up to five cycles without significant loss of performance. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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