Evaluation of encapsulated sodium butyrate on growth performance, energy digestibility, gut development, and Salmonella colonization in broilers

Two experiments were conducted to determine the effect of an encapsulated sodium butyrate (Na-B) with targeted releasing times on broiler performance, energy digestibility, intestinal morphology, and ceca Salmonella colonization. In experiment 1, 3 different Na-B products (CMA, CMP, and CMS) were evaluated following a challenge with a nalidixic acid-resistant Salmonella typhimurium (STNAR). Cobb-Cobb male birds were placed 8 per pen into 6 replicates for each treatment. Treatments included 6 Na-B treatments (500 and 1,000 ppm of each product) plus 2 control (non-challenged and challenged). Birds were orally gavaged with 0.1 mL of 10(7) cfu/mL STNAR on d 4. Ceca and ileal samples were collected on d 11. In experiment 2, CMA and CMP products were evaluated for a full grow-out period without an external challenge. Cobb-Cobb male birds were distributed among 45 floor pens with 24 birds per pen. Treatments included 4 product treatments (500 and 1,000 ppm of each product) plus one control. Feed intake and pen weight were obtained on d 14, 28, and 42. Experiment 1 showed that CMP at 1,000 ppm had the highest value for BW and BWG on d 4 (P = 0.07). Adding CMA and CMP at 500 ppm increased ileal digestibility energy (IDE) compared to the challenged control (P <= 0.05). The Salmonella recovery data indicated that the challenge had a significant but mild impact, since it did not affect the performance variables but did result in a significant increase in log(10) cfu/g cecal material between the non-challenged and challenged control (1.42 vs 3.72). Experiment 2 showed that both products improved the villus height in the duodenum on d 21 (P = 0.08) and IDE on d 42, relative to the control (P <= 0.05). This study demonstrates that Na-B has the potential to improve growth in broilers at an early age. The beneficial effects on intestinal morphology and IDE are affected not only by dosage level, but also by the product's releasing time.