Manufacturing and the Market: Rationalizing the Shortage of Bacillus Calmette-Guerin

Bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) is used as first-line intravesical therapy following tumor resection of non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer. Primary producers of BCG announced shortages within the last decade, leading to a worldwide shortage. We review the literature examining the BCG shortage and propose solutions to cope with this problem. (C) 2018 European Association of Urology. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.