Journal
NATURE HUMAN BEHAVIOUR
Volume 2, Issue 5, Pages 356-366Publisher
NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
DOI: 10.1038/s41562-018-0344-1
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Funding
- National Institute on Aging [RO1AG025340]
- JSPS KAKENHI [16H03750, 15K21062, 16H05959, 16KT0002, 16H02053]
- European Commission [CIG618600]
- Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research [15K21062, 16H03750, 16H02053, 16H05959] Funding Source: KAKEN
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In younger adults, arousal amplifies attentional focus to the most salient or goal-relevant information while suppressing other information. A computational model of how the locus coeruleus-noradrenaline system can implement this increased selectivity under arousal and a functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) study comparing how arousal affects younger and older adults' processing indicate that the amplification of salient stimuli and the suppression of non-salient stimuli are separate processes, with ageing affecting suppression without affecting amplification under arousal. In the fMRI study, arousal increased processing of salient stimuli and decreased processing of non-salient stimuli for younger adults. By contrast, for older adults, arousal increased processing of both low- and high-salience stimuli, generally increasing excitatory responses to visual stimuli. Older adults also showed a decline in locus coeruleus functional connectivity with frontoparietal networks that coordinate attentional selectivity. Thus, among older adults, arousal increases the potential for distraction from non-salient stimuli.
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