Journal
BIOGEOSCIENCES
Volume 15, Issue 13, Pages 4215-4232Publisher
COPERNICUS GESELLSCHAFT MBH
DOI: 10.5194/bg-15-4215-2018
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Funding
- Agence Nationale de la Recherche [ANR-14-CE01-0007-01]
- LEFE-CyBER program (CNRS-INSU)
- Institut de Recherche pour le Developpement (IRD)
- CNES (BC T23) [ZBC 4500048836]
- People Programme (Marie Sklodowska-Curie Actions) of the European Union's Seventh Framework Programme (FP7) under REA grant [625185]
- CNES
- GOPS program (IRD)
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Here we report N-2 fixation rates from a similar to 4000 km transect in the western and central tropical South Pacific, a particularly undersampled region in the world ocean. Water samples were collected in the euphotic layer along a west to east transect from 160 degrees E to 160 degrees W that covered contrasting trophic regimes, from oligotrophy in the Melanesian archipelago (MA) waters to ultraoligotrophy in the South Pacific Gyre (GY) waters. N-2 fixation was detected at all 17 sampled stations with an average depth-integrated rate of 631 +/- 286 mu mol Nm(-2) d(-1) (range 196-1153 mu mol Nm(-2) d(-1)) in MA waters and of 85 +/- 79 mu mol Nm(-2) d(-1) (range 18-172 mu mol Nm(-2) d(-1)) in GY waters. Two cyanobacteria, the larger colonial filamentous Trichodesmium and the smaller UCYN-B, dominated the enumerated diazotroph community (>80 %) and gene expression of the nifH gene (cDNA > 10(5) nifH copies L-1) in MA waters. Single-cell isotopic analyses performed by nanoscale secondary ion mass spectrometry (nanoSIMS) at selected stations revealed that Trichodesmium was always the major contributor to N-2 fixation in MA waters, accounting for 47.1-83.8% of bulk N-2 fixation. The most plausible environmental factors explaining such exceptionally high rates of N-2 fixation in MA waters are discussed in detail, emphasizing the role of macro- and micro-nutrient (e.g., iron) availability, seawater temperature and currents.
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