Journal
PLANT BIOSYSTEMS
Volume 152, Issue 4, Pages 795-803Publisher
TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD
DOI: 10.1080/11263504.2017.1338629
Keywords
Isatis tinctoria L; phenolic profile; antioxidant activity; cytotoxicity; human thyroid cancer cells; Artemia salina Leach
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Funding
- University of Messina
- Foundation Prof. Antonio Imbesi
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This study was designed to define and compare the antioxidant and cytotoxic properties of polar extracts obtained from basal leaves (It-BL), cauline leaves (It-CL) and flowers (It-F) of Isatis tinctoria L. growing wild around Acireale (Sicily, Italy). The phenolic profile was characterized by HPLC-PDA-ESI-MS analysis and the correlation between phenolic content and the observed biological effects was established. Further, LC/MS analysis showed that the extracts contain glucosinolates at very low concentrations. The antioxidant activity of the extracts was tested in vitro; It-F was the most effective in the DPPH test (IC50=0.437 +/- 0.003mg/mL), whilst It-CL showed the best reducing power (1.546 +/- 0.006 ASE/mL) and ferrous ions chelating activity (IC50=0.564 +/- 0.011mg/mL). The extracts exhibited anti-proliferative effects against three different human thyroid carcinoma cell lines, and It-BL displayed the strongest activity; particularly, it markedly inhibited the growth of CAL-62 cells, causing nearly 85% reduction of viability at the highest tested dose. No cytotoxicity against Artemia salina was observed. The results of our investigations indicate that the polar extracts obtained from I. tinctoria are a potential source of antioxidant and anticancer compounds, which could be suitable for nutraceutical and therapeutic applications.
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