Journal
PHYSICS LETTERS B
Volume 773, Issue -, Pages 401-407Publisher
ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
DOI: 10.1016/j.physletb.2017.08.073
Keywords
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Funding
- FONDECYT [1160137, 1161150, 3150016, 3160121]
- Chilean Government through the Centers of Excellence Base Financing Program of Conicyt
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Using a remarkable mapping from the original (3 + 1) dimensional Skyrme model to the Sine-Gordon model, we construct the first analytic examples of Skyrmions as well as of Skyrmions-anti-Skyrmions bound states within a finite box in 3 + 1dimensional flat space-time. An analytic upper bound on the number of these Skyrmions-anti-Skyrmions bound states is derived. We compute the critical isospin chemical potential beyond which these Skyrmions cease to exist. With these tools, we also construct topologically protected time-crystals: time-periodic configurations whose time-dependence is protected by their non-trivial winding number. These are striking realizations of the ideas of Shapere and Wilczek. The critical isospin chemical potential for these time-crystals is determined. (C) 2017 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier B.V.
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