Journal
PHYSICS LETTERS B
Volume 775, Issue -, Pages 89-93Publisher
ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
DOI: 10.1016/j.physletb.2017.10.050
Keywords
Glueballs; Yang-Mills theories; Confinement; Casimir scaling
Funding
- National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) - Ministry of Education [NRF-2017R1D1A1B06033701]
- Korea Research Fellowship program - Ministry of Science, ICT and Future Planning through the National Research Foundation of Korea [2016H1D3A1909283, NRF-2016K2A9A1A01952069]
- STFC [ST/L000369/1]
- STFC [ST/L000369/1, ST/P00055X/1] Funding Source: UKRI
- Science and Technology Facilities Council [ST/P00055X/1, ST/L000369/1] Funding Source: researchfish
- National Research Foundation of Korea [2016H1D3A1909283] Funding Source: Korea Institute of Science & Technology Information (KISTI), National Science & Technology Information Service (NTIS)
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We conjecture that in Yang-Mills theories the ratio between the ground-state glueball mass squared and the string tension is proportional to the ratio of the eigenvalues of quadratic Casimir operators in the adjoint and the fundamental representations. The proportionality constant depends on the dimension of the space-time only, and is henceforth universal. We argue that this universality, which is supported by available lattice results, is a direct consequence of area-law confinement. In order to explain this universal behavior, we provide three analytical arguments, based respectively on a Bethe-Salpeter analysis, on the saturation of the scale anomaly by the lightest scalar glueball and on QCD sum rules, commenting on the underlying assumptions that they entail and on their physical implications. (C) 2017 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V.
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