Journal
PHYSICS LETTERS A
Volume 381, Issue 30, Pages 2375-2379Publisher
ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
DOI: 10.1016/j.physleta.2017.05.042
Keywords
Electromagnetic duality; Helicity; Symmetry and conservation laws; Wave equations
Categories
Funding
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [11575254]
- Major State Basic Research Development Program in China [2015CB856903]
- Chinese Academy of Sciences President's International Fellowship Initiative [2017PM0045]
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The photon wave equation proposed in terms of the Riemann-Silberstein vector is derived from a first order Dirac/Weyl-type action principle. It is symmetric w.r.t duality transformations, but the associated Noether quantity vanishes. Replacing the fields by potentials and using instead a quadratic Klein-Gordon type Lagrangian allows us to recover the double-Chem-Simons expression of conserved helicity and is shown to be equivalent to recently proposed alternative frameworks. Applied to the potential-modified theory the Dirac/Weyl-type approach yields again zero conserved charge, whereas the Klein-Gordon-type approach applied to the original setting yields Lipkin's zilch. (C) 2017 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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