Journal
PHYSICA A-STATISTICAL MECHANICS AND ITS APPLICATIONS
Volume 465, Issue -, Pages 13-24Publisher
ELSEVIER
DOI: 10.1016/j.physa.2016.08.002
Keywords
Complex network; Scale-free; Vulnerability; Robustness; Critical infrastructure
Categories
Funding
- Basic Science Research Program through the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) - Ministry of Science, ICT & Future Planning [NRF-2016R1C1B1011770]
- National Science Foundation [1441352, 1311230, 1415060]
- Directorate For Engineering
- Emerging Frontiers & Multidisciplinary Activities [1441352] Funding Source: National Science Foundation
- Division Of Graduate Education
- Direct For Education and Human Resources [1311230] Funding Source: National Science Foundation
- Office Of The Director
- Office Of Internatl Science &Engineering [1415060] Funding Source: National Science Foundation
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In this work, we present topological and resilience analyses of the South Korean power grid (KPG) with a broad voltage level. While topological analysis of KPG only with high-voltage infrastructure shows an exponential degree distribution, providing another empirical evidence of power grid topology, the inclusion of low voltage components generates a distribution with a larger variance and a smaller average degree. This result suggests that the topology of a power grid may converge to a highly skewed degree distribution if more low-voltage data is considered. Moreover, when compared to ER random and BA scale free networks, the KPG has a lower efficiency and a higher clustering coefficient, implying that highly clustered structure does not necessarily guarantee a functional efficiency of a network. Error and attack tolerance analysis, evaluated with efficiency, indicate that the KPG is more vulnerable to random or degree-based attacks than betweenness-based intentional attack. Cascading failure analysis with recovery mechanism demonstrates that resilience of the network depends on both tolerance capacity and recovery initiation time. Also, when the two factors are fixed, the KPG is most vulnerable among the three networks. Based on our analysis, we propose that the topology of power grids should be designed so the loads are homogeneously distributed, or functional hubs and their neighbors have high tolerance capacity to enhance resilience. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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