Photodynamic therapy in the treatment of symptomatic oral lichen planus: A systematic review

BackgroundThe aim of this systematic review was to assess the efficacy of photodynamic therapy (PDT) in the treatment of symptomatic oral lichen planus (OLP). MethodsThis systematic review aimed to address the following focused question: Is PDT effective in the treatment of symptomatic OLP? Indexed databases such as MEDLINE, EMBASE, and CENTRAL were searched up to and including August 2017. ResultsSix clinical studies were included. The risk of bias was considered high in 5 studies and moderate in one study. Parameters of PDT such as wavelengths, energy fluence, power density and exposure time ranged between 320-660nm, 120J/cm(2), 130mW/cm(2), and 70-150seconds, respectively. The follow-up period ranged from 4 to 48weeks. All included studies reporting clinical scores showed that PDT was effective in the treatment of OLP in adult patients at follow-up. However, PDT did not show significant improvement when compared with steroid therapy. ConclusionPhotodynamic therapy appears to have some effect in the symptomatic treatment of OLP in adult patients. However, further randomized controlled trials with long follow-up period, standardized PDT parameters, and comparing the efficacy of PDT with steroid therapy are warranted to obtain strong conclusions in this regard.