Journal
PHILOSOPHICAL TRANSACTIONS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY B-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES
Volume 372, Issue 1728, Pages -Publisher
ROYAL SOC
DOI: 10.1098/rstb.2016.0397
Keywords
biogeochemistry; carbon export; diatom; geological record; genomics; photosynthesis
Categories
Funding
- ERC
- Louis D Foundation
- Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation
- French Government 'Investissements d'Avenir' programme MEMO LIFE [ANR-10-LABX-54]
- French Government 'Investissements d'Avenir' programme PSL* Research University [ANR-1253 11-IDEX-0001-02]
- French Government 'Investissements d'Avenir' programme OCEANOMICS [ANR-11-BTBR-0008]
- Radcliffe Institute of Advanced Study at Harvard University
- PhD programme from Ecole Doctorale Complexite du Vivant
- French national programme EC2CO-LEFE
- NASA [NNX16AR47G]
- NASA [894685, NNX16AR47G] Funding Source: Federal RePORTER
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In contemporary oceans diatoms are an important group of eukaryotic phytoplankton that typically dominate in upwelling regions and at high latitudes. They also make significant contributions to sporadic blooms that often occur in springtime. Recent surveys have revealed global information about their abundance and diversity, as well as their contributions to biogeo-chemical cycles, both as primary producers of organic material and as conduits facilitating the export of carbon and silicon to the ocean interior. Sequencing of diatom genomes is revealing the evolutionary underpinnings of their ecological success by examination of their gene repertoires and the mechanisms they use to adapt to environmental changes. The rise of the diatoms over the last hundred million years is similarly being explored through analysis of microfossils and biomarkers that can be traced through geological time, as well as their contributions to seafloor sediments and fossil fuel reserves. The current review aims to synthesize current information about the evolution and biogeochemical functions of diatoms as they rose to prominence in the global ocean.
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