Malignant transformation of caesarean scar endometriosis-presentation of three case reports and review of the literature

Endometriosis (EN) is a very common disease affecting about 5-10% women in reproductive age. Besides ovaries and peritoneum, the abdominal wall is one of the most common localizations of endometrial implants. The occurrence of EN in these cases is associated with previous gynecological surgeries, especially with cesarean section, and is usually a benign condition. Malignant transformation of endometrial foci is very rare and in most cases it accompanies the ovarian EN. In this paper the authors present three cases of malignant transformation of cesarean scar EN: two into clear cell carcinoma, and one into peritoneal adenocarcinoma of Mullerian type (PAMT), which is the first described case of this type of EN-originated tumor.