Journal
PATHOLOGY INTERNATIONAL
Volume 68, Issue 1, Pages 23-30Publisher
WILEY
DOI: 10.1111/pin.12617
Keywords
aldehyde dehydrogenase; cancer-initiating cells; endometrioid carcinoma; gastric cancer; non-thermal plasma; plasma-activated medium
Categories
Funding
- Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology, Japan [15H00894, 16K08649]
- Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research [15K08413] Funding Source: KAKEN
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Medical non-thermal plasma (NTP) treatments for various types of cancers have been reported. Cells with tumorigenic potential (cancer-initiating cells; CICs) are few in number in many types of tumors. CICs efficiently eliminate anti-cancer chemicals and exhibit high-level aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) activity. We previously examined the effects of direct irradiation via NTP on cancer cells; even though we targeted CICs expressing high levels of ALDH, such treatment affected both non-CICs and CICs. Recent studies have shown that plasma-activated medium (PAM) (culture medium irradiated by NTP) selectively induces apoptotic death of cancer but not normal cells. Therefore, we explored the anti-cancer effects of PAM on CICs among endometrioid carcinoma and gastric cancer cells. PAM reduced the viability of cells expressing both low and high levels of ALDH. Combined PAM/cisplatin appeared to kill cancer cells more efficiently than did PAM or cisplatin alone. In a mouse tumor xenograft model, PAM exerted an anti-cancer effect on CICs. Thus, our results suggest that PAM effectively kills both non-CICs and CICs, as does NTP. Therefore, PAM may be a useful new anti-cancer therapy, targeting various cancer cells including CICs.
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