Smart residential load reduction via fuzzy logic, wireless sensors, and smart grid incentives

The incentives such as demand response (DR) programs, time-of-use (TOU) and real-time pricing (RTP) are applied by utilities to encourage customers to reduce their load during peak load hours. However, it is usually a hassle for residential customers to manually respond to prices that vary over time. In this paper, a fuzzy logic approach (FLA) utilizing wireless sensors and smart grid incentives for load reduction in residential HVAC systems is presented. Programmable communicating thermostats (PCTs) are used to control residential HVAC systems in order to manage and reduce energy use, while consumers accommodate their everyday schedules. Hence, the FLA is embedded into existing PCT's to augment more intelligence to them for load reduction, while maintaining thermal comfort. To emulate an actual thermostat, a PCT capable of handling both TOU and RTP is simulated in Matlab/GUI. It is utilized as a 'simulator engine' to evaluate the performance of FLA via applying several different scenarios. The results show that the FLA decreases/increases the initialized set points without jeopardizing thermal con'ifort by applying specific fuzzy rules through evaluating the information received from wireless sensors and smart grid incentives. Our approach results in better energy and cost saving in residential buildings versus existing PCT. (C) 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.