Journal
NATURE PLANTS
Volume 4, Issue 10, Pages 824-835Publisher
NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
DOI: 10.1038/s41477-018-0253-3
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Funding
- NIH [GM079712]
- NSF [IOS-1656076, IOS-1456796, DBI-0922879]
- Next-Generation BioGreen 21 Program (SSAC, Rural Development Administration, Republic of Korea) [PJ013386]
- BBSRC [BB/N012348/1]
- JST CREST grant [JPMJCR16O3]
- MEXT Kakenhi [18H04785]
- Swiss National Science Foundation
- NRF [NRF-2015R1D1A1A01058948]
- JSPS Postdoctoral Fellowships for Research Abroad
- BBSRC [BB/N012348/1] Funding Source: UKRI
- Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research [18H04785] Funding Source: KAKEN
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Plants sense light and temperature changes to regulate flowering time. Here, we show that expression of the Arabidopsis florigen gene, FLOWERING LOCUS T (Fr, peaks in the morning during spring, a different pattern than we observe in the laboratory. Providing our laboratory growth conditions with a red/far-red light ratio similar to open-field conditions and daily temperature oscillation is sufficient to mimic the FT expression and flowering time in natural long days. Under the adjusted growth conditions, key light signalling components, such as phytochrome A and EARLY FLOWERING 3, play important roles in morning FT expression. These conditions stabilize CONSTANS protein, a major FT activator, in the morning, which is probably a critical mechanism for photoperiodic flowering in nature. Refining the parameters of our standard growth conditions to more precisely mimic plant responses in nature can provide a powerful method for improving our understanding of seasonal response.
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