Journal
PARASITOLOGY
Volume 144, Issue 8, Pages 1016-1025Publisher
CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS
DOI: 10.1017/S0031182017000221
Keywords
18S rDNA; cox1; Dzanga-Sangha Protected Areas; haplotype; interspecies transmission; Loxodonta cyclotis; Gorilla gorilla gorilla
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Funding
- Czech Science Foundation [15-05180S]
- European Social Fund
- state budget of the Czech Republic [CZ.1.07/2.3.00/20.0300]
- 'CEITEC' - Central European Institute of Technology [CZ.1.05/1.100/02.0068]
- European Regional Development Fund
- Institute of Vertebrate Biology
- Czech Academy of Sciences [68081766]
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Syngamid strongylids of the genus Mammomonogamus undoubtedly belong among the least known nematodes with apparent zoonotic potential and the real diversity of the genus remains hard to evaluate without extensive molecular data. Eggs of Mammomonogamus sp. are frequently found in feces of African forest elephants (Loxodonta cyclotis) and western lowland gorillas (Gorilla gorilla gorilla) in Dzanga-Sangha Protected Areas. Using sedimentation-based coproscopic techniques, we found the eggs of Mammomonogamus in 19.7% elephant and 54.1% gorilla fecal samples with 8-55 and 1-24 eggs per gram of fecal sediment for elephants and gorillas, respectively. We used a combination of light microscopy, scanning electron microscopy and analysis of cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (cox1) and a partial sequence of 18S rDNA isolated from single eggs to test the hypothesis of possible Mammomonogamus conspecificity in gorillas and elephants. Whereas 18S rDNA sequences were identical in both gorillas and elephants, we distinguished seven different haplotypes within the cox1. Two haplotypes were found in both gorillas and elephants suggesting sharing of Mammomonogamus. Assignment of the parasite to M. loxodontis is proposed. Provided sequences represent the first genomic data on Mammomonogamus spp.
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